Toenail splitting, also known as onychoschizia, is a common condition that can cause discomfort and concern for many individuals. The toenail can split lengthwise or across the nail plate. If you've experienced toenail splitting, you're not alone.
Causes of Toenail Splitting:
Trauma: Injuries such as stubbing your toe, dropping heavy objects on your foot, or repetitive pressure from ill-fitting shoes can lead to toenail splitting.
Dryness: Excessive dryness of the toenails can cause them to become brittle and prone to splitting. This can be a result of environmental factors, prolonged exposure to water, or frequent use of harsh chemicals.
Fungal Infections: Fungal infections, such as onychomycosis, can weaken the structure of the nail, making it more susceptible to splitting.
Nutritional Deficiencies: A lack of essential nutrients, particularly biotin, iron, and zinc, can affect the health and strength of your toenails, increasing the likelihood of splitting.
Medical Conditions: Certain conditions like psoriasis and thyroid disorders can affect the quality of your nails, making them more prone to splitting.
Biomechanical Problems: Hammer toes or decreased range of motion of the big toe cause injury to the toenails causing them to lift or split.
Treatment Options:
Proper Nail Care:
Trim your nails straight across, avoiding rounded edges, to prevent ingrown nails and reduce the risk of splitting.
Keep your nails at a moderate length to minimize pressure on the nail bed.
Use a gentle nail file to smooth rough edges, but avoid excessive filing as it can weaken the nails further.
To combat dryness, moisturize your toenails regularly with a gentle nail or cuticle oil.
Footwear Considerations:
Opt for shoes that provide adequate toe room and proper support to reduce nail pressure. Look for shoes with a rounded toe box or a toe box that has the same shape as your foot.
Choose breathable footwear like sneakers with a mesh toebox to prevent excessive moisture buildup that can lead to nail weakening.
Avoid tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes that can squeeze and damage the toenails. If you need to wear heels wear them for only a few hours.
Make sure your shoes fit. If you have not had your feet measured in a while consider buying shoes at a shoe store rather than online.
Hydration and Nutrition:
Stay hydrated to maintain overall nail health. Drink plenty of water and consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains.
Consider incorporating biotin-rich foods like eggs, nuts, and leafy greens into your diet, or consider a biotin supplement.
Moisturize:
Apply a moisturizing cream or lotion to your feet and nails regularly, especially after bathing, to prevent excessive dryness and brittleness.
Medical Interventions:
In cases where toenail splitting is severe or caused by an underlying condition, it is advisable to seek professional help from a podiatrist. They may recommend appropriate treatments such as antifungal medications for infections, topical ointments, or other interventions based on the specific cause of the condition.
6. Custom Molded Orthotics:
If a biomechanical problem is contributing to the nails lifting and splitting a custom-molded orthotic will improve the overall foot function to decrease trauma to the nails.
Prevention is Key: While treatment options can help alleviate toenail splitting, preventing the condition in the first place is ideal. By practicing good foot hygiene, maintaining proper nail care, and paying attention to the health of your toenails, you can reduce the risk of toenail splitting and promote overall nail health.
Toenail splitting can be a bothersome condition, but with the proper knowledge and care, you can manage and even prevent it. Remember to practice good nail hygiene, choose appropriate footwear, nourish your nails through a healthy diet, and seek professional help. By taking these steps, you can maintain healthy, strong toenails and keep your feet feeling their best. If you are concerned about the appearance of your toenails give us a call to schedule an appointment.