Pre-season is here and summer is winding down. Kids and coaches are eager to train to get ready for the upcoming fall sports season. You may be shuttling your student to two practices a day! Overtraining can cause injury such as heel pain in kids. As adults, we tend to get plantar fasciitis or plantar heel pain, but heel pain in adolescents is due to an irritation of the growth plate on the back of the heel called Sever's disease. It is a common condition that affects active children during their growth years.
What is Sever's Disease?
Sever's disease, also known as calcaneal apophysitis, is not a disease in the traditional sense but rather a condition that affects the growth plate in the heel bone (calcaneus) of growing children. The growth plate is a weak area at the end of a developing bone where new bone is forming. In Sever's disease, the growth plate in the heel becomes inflamed due to repetitive stress and tension on the Achilles tendon, which attaches to the back of the heel bone.
Causes and Risk Factors
Sever's disease commonly occurs in children and adolescents who are physically active and participate in sports like football and soccer that involve running, jumping, and sudden changes in direction. The condition is more prevalent in boys than girls and typically affects children between the ages of 8 and 14 when growth spurts are most prominent and the growth plates are still open.
Several factors contribute to the development of Sever's disease:
Rapid Growth: During growth spurts, bones can grow faster than muscles and tendons, causing tension and stress on the growth plate.
Tight Muscles: Tight calf muscles can increase tension on the Achilles tendon, pulling on the heel bone and aggravating the growth plate.
High-Impact Activities: Sports and activities that involve repeated pounding on hard surfaces can strain the heel area, exacerbating the condition.
Improper Footwear: Ill-fitting shoes, lack of proper arch support, or inadequate cushioning can contribute to the development of Sever's disease.
Improper Conditioning: Exercising too much too soon. This often happens during pre-season training for football or soccer because of double practices.
Symptoms
Recognizing the symptoms of Sever's disease is crucial for early intervention and management. Common signs include:
Heel Pain: The most noticeable symptom is pain in the back or bottom of the heel, especially during or after physical activities.
Limping: Children with Sever's disease may develop a limp to avoid putting pressure on the affected heel.
Tenderness and Swelling: The heel may feel tender to the touch, and slight swelling might be present.
Managing Sever's Disease
If your child is experiencing symptoms of Sever's disease, there are several steps you can take to manage the condition and alleviate their discomfort:
Rest: Encourage your child to take a break from high-impact activities to give the heel time to heal.
Ice: Applying ice to the affected area can help reduce pain and inflammation. Remember to use a cloth or towel to protect the skin and avoid applying ice directly.
Stretching: Gentle calf stretches can help relieve tension on the Achilles tendon. Consult a healthcare professional or physical therapist for appropriate stretches.
Proper Footwear: Ensure your child wears well-fitting, supportive shoes with cushioning that absorbs shock. Orthotic inserts may be recommended to provide additional support.
Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers, like ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
When to Seek Professional Help
If your child's pain is severe, has a persistent limp, or pain that interferes with sports, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional. At Lighthouse Foot and Ankle, we can diagnose Sever's disease and recommend an appropriate treatment plan tailored to your child's needs. We will take an x-ray to confirm the growth plates are still open and make treatment recommendations such as inserts, stretching, and taping. We also offer shockwave therapy to get your son or daughter better faster.
Conclusion
Sever's disease is a temporary and manageable condition that often resolves with proper care and attention. By recognizing the symptoms, making necessary adjustments to your child's activities, and following recommended treatment strategies, you can help your growing athlete overcome this challenge and continue enjoying their active lifestyle. If you have concerns about your child's heel pain, give us a call at 207-447-0028. We have same-day appointments available.
